TRANSLATION:
The believers must not take the disbelievers as friends instead of the believers. And whoever does that has no relation with Allah whatsoever, unless you (do so) as a protective measure (in order to) save yourself from them. Allah warns you of Himself, for unto Allah is the return.
INTERPRETATION:
The Arabic word 'Wali' has been translated as friend or supporter. Making someone a 'wali' (ولی) is also called 'Mawalat' (موالات). It refers to such a close friendship and relationship in which two people's purpose in life, and gain and loss becomes one. Muslims have been forbidden in this verse to have such a close relationship with disbelievers, and it has been deemed a great sin. The same commandment has been given in Surah An-Nisa (4:139-144), Surah Al-Maeda (5:51-57, 81), Surah Al-Tawba (9:23), Surah Al-Mujadila (58:22), and Surah Al-Mumtahina (60:1). However, it must be remembered that Allah Ta'alah has commanded Muslims to deal with kindness, benevolence and compassion with those non-Muslims who are not at war with Muslims. It is not just something nice to do, it is actually a requirement by the Shariah. Quran Karim has clarified this in Surah Al-Mumtahina (60:8). It was a Sunnah of the Holy Prophet ﷺ that he dealt with kindness and Ihsan with non-warring non-Muslims throughout his entire life. Similarly, it is permissible to enter into political and economic contracts with non-warring non-Muslims, as long as these contracts are not against the long-term interests of Muslims, and do not entail violating laws of Shariah. Rasool Allah ﷺ himself, and after him the Holy Companions (Sahaba), entered into such contracts.
At the end of the verse where it says, "unless you (do so) as a protective measure (in order to) save yourself from them", it means that if a person has to adopt certain behaviours which overtly look like Mawalat, in order to protect himself from torture or cruelty of disbelievers, then he is allowed to do so.
The believers must not take the disbelievers as friends instead of the believers. And whoever does that has no relation with Allah whatsoever, unless you (do so) as a protective measure (in order to) save yourself from them. Allah warns you of Himself, for unto Allah is the return.
INTERPRETATION:
The Arabic word 'Wali' has been translated as friend or supporter. Making someone a 'wali' (ولی) is also called 'Mawalat' (موالات). It refers to such a close friendship and relationship in which two people's purpose in life, and gain and loss becomes one. Muslims have been forbidden in this verse to have such a close relationship with disbelievers, and it has been deemed a great sin. The same commandment has been given in Surah An-Nisa (4:139-144), Surah Al-Maeda (5:51-57, 81), Surah Al-Tawba (9:23), Surah Al-Mujadila (58:22), and Surah Al-Mumtahina (60:1). However, it must be remembered that Allah Ta'alah has commanded Muslims to deal with kindness, benevolence and compassion with those non-Muslims who are not at war with Muslims. It is not just something nice to do, it is actually a requirement by the Shariah. Quran Karim has clarified this in Surah Al-Mumtahina (60:8). It was a Sunnah of the Holy Prophet ﷺ that he dealt with kindness and Ihsan with non-warring non-Muslims throughout his entire life. Similarly, it is permissible to enter into political and economic contracts with non-warring non-Muslims, as long as these contracts are not against the long-term interests of Muslims, and do not entail violating laws of Shariah. Rasool Allah ﷺ himself, and after him the Holy Companions (Sahaba), entered into such contracts.
At the end of the verse where it says, "unless you (do so) as a protective measure (in order to) save yourself from them", it means that if a person has to adopt certain behaviours which overtly look like Mawalat, in order to protect himself from torture or cruelty of disbelievers, then he is allowed to do so.
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