"AND FIGHT IN THE WAY OF ALLAH AGINST THOSE WHO FIGHT YOU AND DO NOT TRANSGRESS. VERILY, ALLAH DOE NOT LIKE THE TRANSGRESSORS." (AL-BAQARAH:190)
The command in this verse is that Muslims should fight only those disbelievers who come to fight against them. It means that it is not permissible to kill those disbelievers in Jihad who do not take part in fighting, such as, women, children, the very old, priests and other religious people who devote themselves to quiet religious pursuits, the physically handicapped, and those labourers who work for non-believers but do not take part in fighting.
In a Hadith from Al-Bukhari and Muslim, as narrated by the blessed Companion Abdullah ibn Umar RAA, it is said:
"The Holy Prophet ﷺ has prohibited the killing of women and children."
The following instructions from the Holy Prophet ﷺ given to the Companions going for Jihad have been narrated in a Hadith from Sayyidna Anas RAA which appear in Abu Dawud:
"Go for Jihad in the name of Allah adhering to the community of the Messenger of Allah. Do not kill anyone old and weak, any young child or any woman." (Mazhari)
When Sayyidna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq sent Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan to Syria, he gave him the same instructions. Also added there is the prohibition of killing the religiously-devoted, the monks and priests, and the labourers employed by employed by disbelievers, specially when they do not take part in fighting. (Qurtubi)
The expression ۱ولا تعتدو (and do not transgress) towards the end of he verse, according to the majority of the commentators means - "do not go beyond the limit in fighting as to start killing women and children."
From Ma'ariful Quran, by Mufti Muhammad Shafi RE
The command in this verse is that Muslims should fight only those disbelievers who come to fight against them. It means that it is not permissible to kill those disbelievers in Jihad who do not take part in fighting, such as, women, children, the very old, priests and other religious people who devote themselves to quiet religious pursuits, the physically handicapped, and those labourers who work for non-believers but do not take part in fighting.
In a Hadith from Al-Bukhari and Muslim, as narrated by the blessed Companion Abdullah ibn Umar RAA, it is said:
"The Holy Prophet ﷺ has prohibited the killing of women and children."
The following instructions from the Holy Prophet ﷺ given to the Companions going for Jihad have been narrated in a Hadith from Sayyidna Anas RAA which appear in Abu Dawud:
"Go for Jihad in the name of Allah adhering to the community of the Messenger of Allah. Do not kill anyone old and weak, any young child or any woman." (Mazhari)
When Sayyidna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq sent Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan to Syria, he gave him the same instructions. Also added there is the prohibition of killing the religiously-devoted, the monks and priests, and the labourers employed by employed by disbelievers, specially when they do not take part in fighting. (Qurtubi)
The expression ۱ولا تعتدو (and do not transgress) towards the end of he verse, according to the majority of the commentators means - "do not go beyond the limit in fighting as to start killing women and children."
From Ma'ariful Quran, by Mufti Muhammad Shafi RE
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